Complete Information About Jallianwala Bagh

In the year 1919, in  Amritsar, the most tragic massacre happened inside the Jallianwala Bagh. General Dyer ordered for this massacre in which many innocent people were killed. This incident took place on the day of Baisakhi, which is an important festival for the Sikhs and Punjabis. Fifty Indian Army soldiers were ordered to shoot at the innocent people inside this garden. Men, women, and even children died in this hapless incident.

1. History Of Jallianwala Bagh

It was 13th April 1919 in Amritsar when people from all religious sects, Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs gathered at this garden to celebrate Baisakhi, an important Punjabi festival. Without any prior notice, fifty armed men along with General Dyer marched inside the garden and started firing at all the people who had gathered. The soldiers reloaded their rifles many times to shoot and kill all those who were present at this garden to celebrate the festival. Baisakhi is also known as ‘Birth of Khalsa.’ This is because Guru Gobind Singh founded the Kalash Path on this day, this festival is celebrated every year. This has been the most frightful incident in the Indian history of British rule. There were 379 deaths during this massacre.

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2. What Is The Meaning Of Jallianwala Bagh?

The Jallianwala Bagh is a public garden in Amritsar. Since the massacre, it has become a place of national importance. Since the year 1951, the Government of India organizes peaceful celebrations to honor the people who lost their lives in the massacre.

3. What Happened At Jallianwala Bagh? Is There Any Survivors

The British troops started firing at innocent people without letting them escape on the auspicious day of Baisakhi. It killed hundreds of people and wounded many. There was a lot of bloodsheds and many people died in the stampede.

4. What Caused The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?

There were many protests against the British rule in India that have been happening over a period of time. To teach Indians a lesson of not to protest against the British rule, General Dyer ordered this massacre of shooting innocent people inside the garden and ordered open fire at them. Many nationalists who had started movements against the British rule were set in a state of shock and it also had an impact on the movements started by Mahatma Gandhi.

5. How Did General Dyer Die?

Udham Singh, an orphan who was present at the Jallianwala Bagh when the massacre occurred swore to kill General Dyer for ordering the massacre in 1919. He was serving water to the pilgrims when General Dyer marched in with his troops and closed the only exit that was open. Since he was a witness to this horrific incident and could escape. He traveled to the US and East Africa and worked as a laborer there. He ran parties and made allies. He came back to India in 1927 as per the orders of Bhagat Singh.

Udham Singh also acted in English movies like Elephant Boy and The Four Feathers. Inside London’s Caxton Hall in 1940, Udham Singh learned that it was Michael O’Dwyer who was responsible for the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and shot him as he entered the hall to give his speech. Udham Singh was hanged in London in 1940. Michael O’ Dwyer approved General Dyer’s actions of shooting people and was considered responsible for the massacre.

But General Dyer died of a stroke at his home in England and was harshly reprimanded for his brutality of ordering a massacre at the Jallianwala Bagh and was ripped off his rank of a General and remained a colony until he died.

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6. How Many People Died In The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?

There is no specific number as to how many people died in this massacre. It is estimated that more than 1600 people died and hundreds of them were wounded. Nearly 1200 people suffered from fatal injuries as they were trying to escape the shooting.

7. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre Facts

• A total of 1650 rounds were fired to kill people who were gathered for peaceful protests
• A few had just come to spend time in the park and were not even protesting
• More than 1600 people died and more than 1000 were injured
• The correct estimate of how many people died and were injured was not available
• General Dyer is called ‘The Butcher of Amritsar.’
• The Rowlatt Act was passed which gave the British the authority to arrest anyone encouraged General Dyer to come up with the idea of the massacre
• The original goal of the Rowlatt Act was to control activities and protects the Indian nationalists and not harm anyone
• Many leaders have been arrested for protesting on the basis of this act
• On 12th April, General Dyer proclaimed that no public gatherings should be held but the general public was not made aware of this
• On the day of Baisakhi people had gathered to celebrate the festival
• There were nearly 10000 people gathered on this day from all the religions and communities to celebrate the festival
• The British filed a wrong report stating that only 379 were killed when thousands of people were killed during this massacre.
• After this incident, General Dyer was removed from his post and exiled to Britain
• General Dyer died in 1927 after suffering from a couple of heart strokes
• The soldiers were ordered to kneel and set open fires at the crowd
• Most of them could not escape as all the doors of the public garden remained locked
• While a few died in the shooting, a few died in the stampede, a few people threw themselves in the well and committed suicide
• The Jallianwala Bagh is the most tragic and the most shocking incident in the history of British rule in India
• Udham Singh, an orphan who was present at the Jallianwala Bagh when this incident occurred swore revenge
• Udham Singh instead killed Michael O’Dwyer as he had approved of General Dyer’s order of executing the massacre
• Udham Singh followed Bhagat Singh and shot Michael O’Dwyer in 1940 at London’s Caxton Hall and was hanged in the same year in London
• There is an upcoming Bollywood movie being made on the life of Udham Singh and played by actor Ranveer Singh and being directed by Shoojit Sircar

8. Jallianwala Bagh Memorial

This is now a peaceful park which has narrow passages where the memorial is built. There is an eternal flame lit here that flickers for 24 hours. The walls are well preserved and you can still see the bullet marks on the walls. This memorial also has a gallery that has photographs of all the freedom fighters of Indian Independence. It also organizes the light and sound show that narrates the story of Udham Singh. This memorial has many floral gardens where people can spend time.

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9. Jallianwala Bagh Location

10. Jallianwala Bagh Images

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